Phacelia (hastata)

Tara Luna USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana 59936 (406) 888-7835 http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/azpmc

---

Family Scientific Name:	Hydrophyllaceae
Family Common Name:	Waterleaf family
Scientific Name:	Phacelia hastata Dougl.
Common Name:	Silver-leafed phacelia
Species Code:	PHAHAS
Ecotype:	Talus and scree slide, Siyeh Bend, 2000m elev.
General Distribution:	P. hastata is a widespread cordilleran species that occurs from southern B.C. to the Sierras of California, east to the Great Basin and Rocky Mountain States.
Propagation Goal:	plants
Propagation Method:	seed
ProductType:	Container (plug)
Stock Type:	172 ml conetainers
Time To Grow:	7 Months
Target Specifications:	Stock Type: Container seedling<br> Height: 6 to 10 true leaves, 5 cm<br> Caliper: n/a<br> Root System: Firm plug in container.
Propagule Collection:	Seeds are collected in late August and early September. Seeds are mature when calyx subtending the capsules becoes papery and stiff and when capsules turn tan and begin to split open at the top. Seeds are black at maturity. Capsules are collected in paper bags and are kept in a well ventilated drying shed prior to cleaning.
Propagule Processing:	Seeds are cleaned with a hammermill and passed through a fanning mill at NRCS. Seed longevity: Estimated at 5 to 10 years at 3 to 5 Cin sealed containers. Seed dormancy is classified as physiological dormancy. Seeds/Kg: 990,000/kg % Purity: 100% % Germination: 15 to 30%
Pre-Planting Treatments:	60 day cold, moist stratification. Germination is best under cooler temperatures. Germination percentages were low under greenhouse conditions. Germination rate increased when conetainers were moved to outdoor nursery in spring; and were subjected to fluctuating temperatures. Higher germination percentages may be obtained if containers are fall sown, where they undergo winter stratification and fluctuating spring temperatures.
Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:	Greenhouse and outdoor nursery growing facility. Sowing Method: Direct seeding. Seeds are lightly covered with medium. Growing medium used is 70% 6:1:1 milled spaghnum peat, perlite, and vermiculite and 30% coarse sand with Osmocote controlled release fertilizer (13N:13P2O5:13K2O; 8 to 9 month release rate at 21C) and Micromax fertilizer (12%S, 0.1%B, 0.5%Cu, 12%Fe, 2.5%Mn, 0.05%Mo, 1%Zn) at the rate of 1 gram of Osmocote and 0.20 gram of Micromax per 172 ml conetainer. Greenhouse temperatures are maintained at 21 to 25C during the day and 16 to 18C at night. Seedlings are hand watered an remain in greenhouse until mid May. Seedlings are moved to outdoor nursery for the remainder of the growing season. Seedlings are irrigated with Rainbird automatic irrigation system in early morning until containers are thoroughly leached. Average growing season of nursery is from late April after snowmelt until October 15th. First average frost is September 5th, although freezing temperatures can be expected anytime in Glacier National Park.
Establishment Phase:	Germination was non-uniform. True leaves appeared 2 weeks after germination. Once established after emergence, the seedlings produce rapid shoot and root development. This species has a flattened rosette habit, and will require careful irrigation practices to prevent crown rot.
Length of Establishment Phase:	8 weeks
Active Growth Phase:	Plants are fertilized with 20-20-20 liquid NPK at 100 ppm. Plants were root tight 12 weeks after germination. Plants did not produce flowers the first year.
Length of Active Growth Phase:	12 weeks
Hardening Phase:	Plants are fertilized with 10-20-20 liquid NPK at 200 ppm during August and September. Irrigation is gradually reduced in September and October. Plants were given one final irrigation prior to winterization.
Length of Hardening Phase:	4 weeks
Harvesting, Storage and Shipping:	Total Time to Harvest: 6.5 months Harvest Date: July Storage Conditions: Overwinter in outdoor nursery under insulating foam and snow cover.
Length of Storage:	5 months
Other Comments:	P. hastata is a tap rooted perennial that colonizes sharply drained soils and sandbars from low elevations to the alpine zone. There are 5 botanical varieties: var. leucophylla, var. hastata, var. compacta, var. leptosepala, and var. alpina.
References:	Flora of the Pacific Northwest, Hitchcock and Cronquist, Univ. of Washington Press, 7th printing, 1990. Glacier Park Native Plant Nursery Propagation Records, unpublished. Seed Germination Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition, Deno, Norman, publ. 1993. Seeding Rate Statistics for Native and Introduced Species, Hassell, Wendel, National Park Service and National Resources Conservation Service, April 1996. 1999 Revegetation Monitoring Report, Glacier National Park, Asebrook, J. and Brenneman, B., unpublished.

Citation:

Luna, Tara; Evans, Jeff; Wick, Dale. 2008. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Phacelia hastata Dougl. plants 172 ml conetainers; USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/04/26). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.