Sambucus (nigra L.)
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Randall Lester Assistant Manager USDA NRCS - Appalachian Plant Materials Center P.O. Box 390 Alderson, West Virginia 24910 304-445-3005 304-445-7049 (fax) randall.lester@wv.usda.gov http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/wvpmc |
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| Family Scientific Name: | Caprifoliaceae | ||
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| Family Common Name: | Black elderberry | ||
| Scientific Name: | Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis | ||
| Species Code: | SANIC4 | ||
| General Distribution: | Widely distributed throughout most of the United States. | ||
| Known Invasiveness: | None | ||
| Propagation Goal: | plants | ||
| Propagation Method: | seed | ||
| ProductType: | Container (plug) | ||
| Time To Grow: | 2 Years | ||
| Target Specifications: | A well developed plant suitable for transplanting with at least 12" of top growth and a healthy root system. | ||
| Propagule Collection: | Seeds were collected from multiple existing populations within the boundaries of the Monongahela National Forest. The seeds should be mature when the drupe turns black. | ||
| Propagule Processing: | Ripe fruit was collected in late August and placed in sealable plastic bags. The bags were placed in the cooler for 3 weeks to allow the fruit to ferment which aided in the separation of the seeds from the pulp. The fruit was mascerated by hand and placed on top of a series of screens (9, 1/12, 1/18). Water was then used to wash the seeds through the screens. The seeds were collected on the 1/18 screen and placed on kraft paper in a thin layer to air dry. | ||
| Pre-Planting Treatments: | No pretreatment was used. | ||
| Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops: |
Pro-mix BX with biofungicide was moistened and placed in heavy plastic trays. The soil was compacted somewhat to prepare a firm seedbed. | ||
| Establishment Phase: | Seed was spread evenly by hand on the soil surface and then covered with 1/8 to 1/4 inch of additional soil. The top layer was pressed down slightly to ensure good seed to soil contact. The trays were placed in the greenhouse for 2 months to allow for the warm, moist stratification period. The trays were then moved outside to the shadehouse for 5 months to allow for the cold stratification period. The trays were then moved back into the greenhouse and allowed to germinate. | ||
| Length of Establishment Phase: | 9 months | ||
| Active Growth Phase: | Germination began in the spring after the cold stratification period. Once the seedlings had sufficient root systems, they were transplanted into 1 gallon plastic pots filled with Metro-mix 510 growing medium. | ||
| Length of Active Growth Phase: | 6 - 9 months | ||
| Hardening Phase: | Plants were moved back into the shadehouse to allow for hardening off before shipping. | ||
| Length of Hardening Phase: | 2 weeks | ||
| Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: | Plants with sufficient top growth were loaded on trailers and shipped back to the Monongahela National Forest. Trailers were covered with tarps to prevent wind burn. | ||
| Length of Storage: | 1 day | ||
| References: |
R.P. Karrfalt, 2008. The Woody Plants Seed Manual. USDA Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 727. USDA, NRCS. 2012. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 12 July 2012). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. |
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Citation:
Lester, Randall; Vandevender, John. 2013. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Sambucus nigra L. plants USDA NRCS - Appalachian Plant Materials Center Alderson, West Virginia. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/07/22). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.
