Oenothera (flava)
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Tara Luna USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana 59936 (406) 888-7835 http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/azpmc |
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| Family Scientific Name: | Onagraceae | ||
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| Family Common Name: | Evening Primrose Family | ||
| Scientific Name: | Oenothera flava (A. Nels.) Garrett | ||
| Common Synonym: | Lavauxia flava A. Nels. | ||
| Common Name: | Yellow Evening Primrose | ||
| Species Code: | OENFLA | ||
| Ecotype: | Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta | ||
| General Distribution: | Oenothera flava is found from Washington to Saskatchewan, south to California, Colorado and North Dakota. It inhabits drying mud of shallow ponds and prairie potholes. | ||
| Propagation Goal: | plants | ||
| Propagation Method: | seed | ||
| ProductType: | Container (plug) | ||
| Stock Type: | 160 ml container | ||
| Time To Grow: | 8 Months | ||
| Target Specifications: | Height: 4 to 6 true leaves<br> Caliper: n/a<br> Root System: Firm plug in 160 ml container. | ||
| Propagule Collection: | Seeds are hand collected in August when capsules begin to split open. Seeds are brown at maturity. Seeds are collected in paper bags and kept in a well ventilated drying shed prior to cleaning. | ||
| Propagule Processing: |
Seeds are cleaned with screens to remove chaff. Seed longevity: N/A Seed dormancy is classified as non-deep physiological dormancy. Seeds/Kg: N/ % Purity: 100% % Germination: 80 to 90% |
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| Pre-Planting Treatments: | 90 day cold, moist stratification. Seeds are imbibed in water for 4 hours and placed on moist paper towels insertd into a opened plastic bag. Seeds undergo a 90 day cold, moist stratifcation at 1 to 3C in th refrigerator. | ||
| Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops: |
Greenhouse and Outdoor nursery. Greenhouse set at 23C day /15C night temperatures. Sowing Method: Direct Seeding. Seeds are lightly covered with medium. Growing medium used is 6:1:1 sphagnum peat,vermiculite,and perlite. Conetainers are irrigated thoroughly after sowing. |
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| Establishment Phase: | Medium is kept slightly moist during germination by misting twice per day. True leaves emerge 2 weeks after initial germination and seedlings are thinned at this stage. | ||
| Length of Establishment Phase: | 4 weeks | ||
| Active Growth Phase: | Once seedlings are established, plants develop rapid shoot and root growth 2 to 4 weeks following germination. Plants are fertilized with 20-20-20 liquid NPK at 100 ppm weekly during the growing season. | ||
| Length of Active Growth Phase: | 12 weeks | ||
| Hardening Phase: | Plants are fertilized with 10-20-20 liquid NPK at 200 ppm in early fall. Containers are leached with water. Irrigation is gradually reduced through September and October. | ||
| Length of Hardening Phase: | 4 weeks | ||
| Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: |
Total Time To Harvest:7 months Harvest Date: September Storage Conditions: Overwinter in outdoor nursery under insulating foam cover and snow. Seedlings are ready for outplanting in September. |
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| Length of Storage: | 5 months | ||
| References: | Flora of the Pacific Northwest, Hitchcock and Cronquist, Univ. of Washington Press, 7th printing, 1990. | ||
Citation:
Luna, Tara. 2008. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Oenothera flava (A. Nels.) Garrett plants 160 ml container; USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2025/10/29). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.
