Dichelostemma (congestum)
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Lee Riley Horticulturist USDA FS - Dorena Genetic Resource Center 34963 Shoreview Road Cottage Grove, Oregon 97424 541-915-7324 541-767-5709 (fax) lee.riley@usda.gov |
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| Family Scientific Name: | Asparagaceae | ||
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| Family Common Name: | Asparagus | ||
| Scientific Name: | Dichelostemma congestum | ||
| Common Synonym: | Brodiaea congesta | ||
| Common Name: | Fork-toothed ookow | ||
| Species Code: | DICO19 | ||
| Ecotype: | Coastal southern Oregon | ||
| General Distribution: | Grows in open grassy hillsides, open woodlands, and coastal grasslands. Found in CA, OR, and WA with disjunct populations in AL and MO. | ||
| Propagation Goal: | Plants | ||
| Propagation Method: | Seed | ||
| ProductType: | Container (plug) | ||
| Stock Type: | 262 ml (16 in3) container | ||
| Time To Grow: | 15 weeks | ||
| Target Specifications: | Stock Type: Container seedling Root System: Firm plug in container. | ||
| Pre-Planting Treatments: | Seeds are sown into trays filled with stabilized medium plugs (Q-plugs). Trays are sealed inside plastic boxes and placed into cold stratification (1 to 3 °C) for 90 days. Trays are checked weekly and kept moist throughout the stratification period. If mold is evident, trays should be treated with 1% hydrogen peroxide. | ||
| Growing Area Preparation/ Annual Practices for Perennial Crops: |
Greenhouse growing facility. Q-plugs are lightly covered with nursery grit. Seedlings are transplanted to target containers when germination complete and secondary leaves have appeared (approximately 4 weeks following removal from stratification). Growing medium in the transplant containers consists of 40:20:20:20 peat:composted fir bark:perlite:pumice with Nutricote controlled release fertilizer (18N:6P2O5:8K2O with minors; 180-d release rate at 21C) at the rate of 1.5 gram Nutricote per 262 ml container. |
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| Establishment Phase: | Germination is fairly uniform and is usually complete in 2 to 3 weeks. Following germination (while still in Q-plugs), plants are fertilized with soluble 12-2-14-6Ca-3Mg at 75 to 100 ppm for 2 weeks. | ||
| Length of Establishment Phase: | 3 weeks | ||
| Active Growth Phase: | During the growing season, fertilization depends on weather and physiological needs. Soluble 20-9-20 NPK, 20-18-18 NPK, or 17-5-24 NPK at 100 to 150 ppm is applied weekly throughout the growing season. Seedlings will die back later in summer. | ||
| Length of Active Growth Phase: | 12 weeks | ||
| Hardening Phase: | No dry-down is done to induce dormancy. Seedlings are moved to an outdoor growing area in early to mid-September. | ||
| Length of Hardening Phase: | 3 weeks | ||
| Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: |
Harvest Date: Early October Storage Conditions: Seedlings are usually outplanted in fall. No storage except in outdoor growing area. Plants are well irrigated prior to shipping if shipped in containers. |
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| Other Comments: |
Dies back in the summer. Perennial This is variously classified into Asparagaceae, Themidaceae (which was placed in Asparagaceae) and Liliaceae. |
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| References: |
Bonner FT, Karrfalt RB, Nisley RG, editors. 2008. The woody plant seed manual. Washington (DC): USDA Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 727. 1223 p. Dorena Genetic Resource Center Propagation Records, unpublished. Integrated Taxonomic Information System [ITIS]. Dichelostemma congestum (Sm.) Kunth. URL: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=506944#null (accessed 7 Mar 2024). Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Dichelostemma congestum. URL: https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=dico19 Pires JC, Keator G, Preston RE. 2019. Dichelostemma congestum. URL: https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=22850 (accessed 7 Mar 2024). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Dichelostemma congestum (Sm.) Kunth ookow. URL: https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=DICO19 (accessed 7 Mar 2024). |
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Citation:
Riley, Lee E.; Kamakura, Renata. 2024. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Dichelostemma congestum Plants 262 ml (16 in3) container; USDA FS - Dorena Genetic Resource Center Cottage Grove, Oregon. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2025/04/20). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.
