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Hedysarum (boreale)

Tara Luna
USDI NPS - Glacier National Park
West Glacier, Montana 59936
(406) 888-7835
http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/azpmc

Family Scientific Name: Fabaceae
Family Common Name: Pea family
Scientific Name: Hedysarum boreale Nutt.
Common Name: Northern sweetvetch
Species Code: HEDBOR
Ecotype: Festuca idahoensis grassland; Saint Mary, Glacier National Park, Glacier Co., MT.
General Distribution: H. boreale grows from the Yukon to northeast Oregon, east to Newfoundland, and south through the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Arizona.
Propagation Goal: plants
Propagation Method: seed
ProductType: Container (plug)
Stock Type: 172 ml conetainers
Time To Grow: 7 Months
Target Specifications: Stock Type: Container seedling<br> Height: 5 to 6 true leaves, 6 cm<br> Caliper: n/a<br> Root System: firm plug in conetainer.
Propagule Collection: Seeds are hand collected in late August when loments turn tan. Seeds are reddish brown at maturity. Pods are collected in paper bags and kept in a well ventilated drying shed prior to cleaning.
Propagule Processing: Seeds are cleaned with a hammermill and screened.
Seed longevity is up to 10 years at 1 to 3C in sealed containers.
Seed dormancy is classified as physical dormancy.
Seeds/Kg: 180,000/kg
% Purity: 100%
% Germination: 60%
Pre-Planting Treatments: Seeds were soaked in H20 for 24 hours and sown.
Growing Area Preparation/
Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:
Greenhouse and outdoor nursery growing facility.
Sowing Method: Direct Seeding. Seeds arecovered with media.
Growing media used is 70% 6:1:1 milled sphagnum peat, perlite, and vermiculite and 30% sand with Osmocote controlled release fertilizer (13N:13P2O5:13K2O; 8 to 9 month release rate at 21C) and Micromax fertilizer (12%S, 0.1%B, 0.5%Cu, 12%Fe, 2.5%Mn, 0.05%Mo, 1%Zn) at the rate of 1 gram of Osmocote and 0.20 gram of Micromax per 172 ml conetainer.
Greenhouse temperatures are maintained at 21 to 25C during the day and 16 to 18C at night. Seedlings are hand watered an remain in greenhouse until mid May. Seedlings are then moved to outdoor nursery for the remainder of the growing season.
Seedlings are irrigated with Rainbird automatic irrigation system in early morning until containers are thoroughly leached.
Average growing season of nursery is from late April after snowmelt until October 15th.
Establishment Phase: Media is kept slightly moist during germination. Germination appeared complete in 3 weeks.
Length of Establishment Phase: 4 weeks
Active Growth Phase: Root development occurs rapidly following germination. Plants are fertilized with 13-13-13 liquid NPK fertilizer at 100 ppm until root tightness is obtained at 10 weeks. Shoot growth had 4 to 5 leaflets at week 10.
Length of Active Growth Phase: 10 weeks
Hardening Phase: Plants are fertilized with 10-20-20 liquid NPK at 200 ppm during August and September. Irrigation is gradually reduced in September and October. Plants were given one final irrigation prior to winterization.
Length of Hardening Phase: 8 weeks
Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: Total Time To Harvest: 7 months
Harvest Date: September
Storage Conditions: Overwinter in outdoor nursery under insulating foam cover and snow.
Length of Storage: 5 months
Other Comments: There are 3 botanical varieties: var. mackenziii, var. cinarescens, and var. boreale.
References: Flora of the Pacific Northwest, Hitchcock and Cronquist, 7th edition, University of Washington Press, 1973.
Seeding Rate Statistics for Native and Introduced Species, Hassell, Wendel, U.S.D.I. and U.S.D.A., April 1996.
Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination, Baskin and Baskin, Academic Press, 1998.
Glacier National Park Native Plant Nursery Propagation Records, unpublished.

Citation:

Lapp, Joyce; Evans, Jeff; Wick, Dale. 2001. Propagation protocol for production of Container (plug) Hedysarum boreale Nutt. plants 172 ml conetainers; USDI NPS - Glacier National Park West Glacier, Montana. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/03/29). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.