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Coreopsis (tinctoria)

Joel L. Douglas
USDA NRCS - Coffeeville/Jamie L. Whitten Plant Materials Center
2533 County Road 65
Coffeeville, Mississippi 38922-2652
(601) 675-2588
(601) 675-2369 (fax)
jdouglas@ms.nrcs.usda.gov
http://plant-materials.nrcs.usda.gov/mspmc

Family Scientific Name: Asteraceae
Scientific Name: Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.
Common Name: Plains coreopsis, Calliopsis, Golden tickseed
Species Code: COTI3
General Distribution: Native range of the species extends from Minnesota to Washington, south to California, Texas, and Louisiana. It is naturalized in most areas of Mississippi. It is fairly tolerant of wet soils.
Propagation Goal: plants
Propagation Method: seed
ProductType: Propagules (seeds, cuttings, poles, etc.)
Time To Grow: 0
Propagule Collection: Collected in Natchez Trace Parkway (actual collection location was not noted - designated collection area was the lower section of the Natchez Trace Parkway, from around Jackson, Mississippi to the terminus in Natchez, Mississippi) by B.B. Billingsley, Jr. in 1990.
Propagule Processing: Seed Processing: Direct combined and cleaned using an air screen cleaner. The concave shape of the seeds makes cleaning more difficult compared to the other composite species grown. The stage of seed maturity at harvest also affects seed cleaning; seed harvested when slightly immature, although completely viable, has a greater tendency to retain the wings on either side of the nutlet. If harvest is delayed until the seeds are fully mature, the majority of them will shed their wings during combining. This makes it much easier to screen out a higher percentage of foreign material.
Seeds/Kg: 3,087,000.
Germination: In 1992=50%, in 1993=27%, in 1994=65% and in 1995=84%.
Purity: In 1992=62%, in 1993=40%, in 1994=61% and in 1995=80%.
Pre-Planting Treatments: Seed Treatments: None required.
Growing Area Preparation/
Annual Practices for Perennial Crops:
Propagation Environment: Field grown.

Seed Propagation Method: Direct sown.
Establishment Phase: Sowing Date: August to September.

Emergence and Date: September to October.

Sowing/Planting Technique: Broadcast a mixture of seed and sand onto the soil surface of a mowed field. Heavy layers of residue will prevent germination. Also, there was some success drilling seeds very shallowly in rows in a clean tilled field. If seeds are to be broadcast on a clean tilled field, soil should be cultipacked or otherwise firmed before planting. Planting rateis 3.35 to 4.48 kilograms PLS per hectare (3 to 4 pounds per acre).

Establishment Phase: Seeds germinate in the fall and the plants overwinter as a rosette.
Active Growth Phase: Rapid Growth Phase: Plants begin to rapidly elongate in April.
Harvesting, Storage and Shipping: Harvest Date: Mid-July. Wait until seeds are fully mature (see seed processing above). Seeds stay in the seed head for a fairly long period time, so seed shattering is not a problem.

Total Time to Harvest: 10 to 11 months.

Storage Duration: Seeds were stored for 3 to 5 years before planting on the Natchez Trace Parkway. Under the proper conditions, seeds of C. auriculata L. can be stored for at least 3 years (Phillips, 1985).
Length of Storage: <b>Storage Duration: </b> 3-5 years.
Other Comments: C. tinctoria is an annual species that produces a large quantity of seed. Yields up to 224 kilogram per hectare (200 pounds per acre) are not unusual. Reseeding will be poor in fields that are not disturbed. Some pest problems have been encountered in production fields. In the early summer plants can be damaged by a small larvae that feeds at the base of the plant. The pest was not identified but was some species of beetle. Also, the plants appear to be susceptible to a root/crown rot in certain years when environmental conditions are conducive to development. Again the causal organism was not specifically identified but symptoms appeared to be characteristic of those caused by Pythium sp.
References: Hartmann, H.T. and Kester, D.E. 1975. Plant propagation principles and practices. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Engelwood Cliffs, NJ. 662 p.

Phillips, H.R. 1985. Growing and propagating wildflowers. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC. 330 p.

Citation:

Grabowski, Janet M.. 2001. Propagation protocol for production of Propagules (seeds, cuttings, poles, etc.) Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. plants USDA NRCS - Coffeeville/Jamie L. Whitten Plant Materials Center Coffeeville, Mississippi. In: Native Plant Network. URL: https://NativePlantNetwork.org (accessed 2024/03/19). US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Center for Reforestation, Nurseries, and Genetic Resources.